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Abstract:
The depletion of non-renewable resources is a pressing global concern, as finite reserves of fossil
fuels and minerals face the looming threat of extinction. Overexploitation and increasing global
demand for energy and raw materials have accelerated the depletion of non-renewable resources,
contributing to environmental degradation and geopolitical tensions. The impending risk of
exhaustion raises questions about the sustainability of current consumption patterns and
underscores the urgent need for transitioning to renewable alternatives. This study explores
renewable energy sources and their applications, emphasizing their sustainability and
eco-friendliness compared to fossil fuels, which contribute to environmental pollution and health
issues. The paper delves into various types of renewable energy, starting with solar energy,
harnessed through photovoltaic cells and passive solar methods. Wind energy, generated by wind
turbines, is highlighted for its cost-effectiveness and purity. Geothermal energy, utilizing heat
beneath the Earth's surface, and hydro power energy, produced through water flow, is also
discussed. Tidal energy, generated from tides without emitting greenhouse gases, is presented as
an eco-friendly option. The paper promises an in-depth understanding of applications of
renewable energy sources along with their benefits and shortcomings. It highlights the measures
taken to mitigate environmental harm and concludes by stressing the role of renewable energy in
addressing current environmental challenges.
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